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R. T. Limbasiya , R. M. Patel , B. N. Kolambe , N. S. Patil , B. G. Vashi , D. B. Jadeja

Abstract

A pot culture experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of salinity and IBA treatment on cuttings of Jatropha curcas L. in relation to sprouting of buds, initial growth parameters, ischolar_maining and survival. The performance of Jatropha curcas L. was better in S_N (Natural soil) and decreased in all salinity levels. The highest per cent sprouting of buds was recorded under S_N (Natural soil) and minimum in S₅ (10 dSm^-1) in IBA treated cuttings, while no sprouting of buds was observed under the salinity level S₅ (10 dSm^-1) in untreated cuttings. IBA treated cuttings have higher survival and ischolar_maining when compared with their respective untreated cuttings (control). The maximum per cent survival and ischolar_maining was observed under natural soil (S_N). The salinity levels of S₃ (6 dSm^-1) and beyond greatly declined the survival and ischolar_maining in IBA treated as well as untreated cuttings (control). Increasing salinity levels also suppressed the growth parameters viz., number of leaves per plant, ischolar_main length, leaf area, and biomass production in IBA treated cuttings as well as untreated cuttings (control). However, the reducing effect was more pronounced in untreated cuttings when compared to IBA treated cuttings. The salinity level of S₃ (6 dSm^-1) and beyond greatly reduced the above parameters in both untreated and IBA treated cuttings. Thus the present study reveals that the untreated cuttings of Jatropha curcas can be planted in the soil up to salinity level of 2 dSm^-1, whereas, if treated with IBA the cuttings can be planted up to a salinity level of 4 dSm^-1.

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J. A. Inamdar , R. M. Patel

Abstract

As far as the authors are aware no report exists on the flora of Bulsar-Tithal-Dungri area. The present paper describes 461 dicotyledons and 77 monocotyledons, in all 538 taxa, spread over 114 Angiosperm families collected from these areas during 1968-1969.

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J. R. Patel ¹, R. M. Patel ¹, S. R. Patel ¹, Virendra Singh

Affiliations
1 College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Bharuch Gujarat, IN

Abstract

Papaya is propagated through seed. It is a cross-pollinated crop, the plant raised from seeds have a mixed inheritance which make them highly variable in performance. Clonal propagation is an urgent necessity for improvement of papaya. Although, desirable characteristics of papaya var. Red Lady, growers are not able to adopt this variety due to very high cost of seed. The technique of in vitro culture has been made clonal propagation a possibility in papaya. While standardizing the method of micropropagation of papaya, the factors influencing in vitro establishment and growth of papaya were examined namely, sources of explants, surface sterilants, pH of the medium, sucrose and adenine sulphate concentration in the medium. In multiplication study, the maximum shoot multiplication was observed in alternate sub culturing in basal medium and MS medium + 0.5 mg/l BAP + 0.1 mg/l NAA and gave highest number of shoots per explants. Sucrose 30 g/l in medium was found to be more favourable for maximum number of shoot and length of longest shoots. Out of various pH level tested, pH 5.7 recorded maximum numbers of shoots (3) and maximum length of longest shoots (2.75 cm). In proliferation medium, maximum length of shoot, numbers of shoots and growth rate was observed in MS medium fortified with 160 mg/l adenine sulphate. In vitroischolar_maining occurred on shoot regeneration medium; however, it was a slow process. Rooting treatment consisting of half MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l IBA was found to be the best for early induction of ischolar_mains (28 days), maximum number of ischolar_mains/shoot (5.00) and length of ischolar_main (6.00 cm) also. Among all potting mixtures tested, the soil: sand: FYM (1/1/1: V/V/V) was found to be suitable for hardening in vitro raised papaya plantlets.

Keywords

Explants, in vitro, Shoot Tip Sterilization, Papaya Rooting

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R. M. Patel ¹, R. R. Patel ², A. J. Patel ³

Affiliations
1 College of Agribusiness Management, S.D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar Gujarat, IN
2 Integrated Farming Systems, S.D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar , Banaskantha Gujarat, IN
3 Department of Agricultural Economics, C.P. College of Agriculture, S.D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar , Banaskantha Gujarat, IN

Abstract

The present study was carried out with a view to estimate the marketing cost, margins, price spread and marketing efficiency for okra grown in Banaskantha district of north Gujarat in the year 2010-11. The conclusion drawn from the study was that the average yield per hectare of okra was estimated to be and 143.90 quintals. The highest disposal was found of April (20.78 %) and lowest was in December (0.65 %). The highest price was in December (Rs. 3200/q) and lowest was in October (Rs. 1073/q). The overall per quintal cost of marketing of okra was estimated to be Rs. 271.50.Among the various cost components, commission charges were 36.83 per cent, grading and packing charges were 16.57 per cent, loading, unloading and weighing charges were 18.41 per cent followed by transportation charges 13.61 per cent of the total marketing costs. The total price spread was observed 39 per cent of consumer's price when produce was sold through wholesalers and retailers. The marketing efficiency estimated for okra was 1.56 for Deesa market in North Gujarat.

Keywords

Okra, Marketing, Price Spread

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Yash J. Padhiyar ¹, Bhanupriya Choyal ¹, R. M. Patel ¹

Affiliations
1 College of Agri Business Management, S.D. Agriculture University, Sardarkrushinagar, DANTIWADA (GUJARAT), IN

Abstract

Electronic commerce (e-commerce) or business is more than just another mode to sustain or boost existing business practices. Rather, electronic commerce is a paradigm shift. It is a disruptive innovation that is drastically altering the traditional approach of performing business. The e-commerce market is thriving and poised for robust growth in Asia, focusing in Indian context than it is showing marvelous business growth for the developing nation. The country has enjoyed exceptional augmentation of almost 50 per cent in the past five years. Although the trend of e-commerce has been making rounds in India for 15 years, the appropriate ecosystem has now started to fall in place. The extensive increase in the number of internet users, growing acceptability of online payments, the proliferation of internet-enabled gadgets and also favourable demographics are the key factors driving the growth story of e-commerce for the developing nation. The number of users making online transactions has been on a rapid growth trajectory and it is expected to grow from 11 million in 2011 to 38 million by the end of 2015. Venture capitalists (VC) and private equity players have demonstrated their confidence in the escalation of e-commerce in the India. This is sufficiently validated by the noteworthy increase in the total investments (US$305 million in 2011 against US$55 million in 2010). The present study has been undertaken to describe the present status and facilitators of e-commerce in India, analyze the present trends of e-commerce in India and examine the barriers of e-commerce in Indian context.

Keywords

E-Commerce, E-Business, E-Tailing, Value Proposition.

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R. R. Patel ¹, P. K. Patel ², R. M. Patel ³, A. S. Patel ⁴

Affiliations
1 AICRP on OFR (S.D. Agricultural University), Jagudan (Gujarat), IN
2 AICRP on IFS, S.D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar (Gujarat), IN
3 College of Agri-Business Management, S.D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar (Gujarat), IN
4 Wheat Research Station (S.D.A.U.), Vijapur (Gujarat), IN

Abstract

Several Integrated Farming Systems were observed under rain fed as well as irrigated situation in Bharuch and Surat districts of South Gujarat through survey conducted in 144 households through multistage random sampling technique. The study was pertaining the data of the year 2009- 10. Besides this, number of constraints were seen which were faced by the farmers to carry out the systems. The highest per cent of peoples are engaged in sugarcane based farming system with recording 40.28 per cent whereas, lowest in live stock based with having only 1.39 per cent.

Keywords

Integrated Farming Systems, Production Constraints, Returns.

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P. D. Salve ¹, R. R. Patel ², R. M. Patel ³, A. S. Patel ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Economics, CPCA, S.D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar (Gujarat), IN
2 AICRP-On Farm Research Project, S.D. Agricultural University, Jagudan (Gujarat), IN
3 College of Agri-Business Management, S.D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar (Gujarat), IN
4 Wheat Research Station, S.D.A.U., Vijapur (Gujarat), IN

Abstract

India produces 70 per cent of global spice production (105100 MT of total production in 2010). In Gujarat state, cumin is grown mostly in the northern district of the state i.e. Mehsana, Banaskantha and Patan district. Cumin was grown under 2,16,000 hectares in Gujarat state, out of this 39897 hectare was contributed by Banaskantha district during the year 2011-12. The aimed of this study was to analyze the cultivation/production cost of cumin and to find return over cost. The study is based on data collected from 108 farmers selected from six villages selected purposively and one regulated market i.e., Tharad of Banaskantha district of Gujarat state. It was calculated that the average total cost of cultivation of cumin was 48905/- Rs. per hectare and net income of cumin was 39852/- Rs. per hectare for the year 2012-2013. The cost of cultivation of cumin for small farmers was higher as compared to medium and large size farmers. Major inputs cost was small farmers contributed 33.09 per cent to total cost of cultivation which was 8.60, 20.34 and 4.15 per cent, for seed, human labour and fertilizer, respectively. The cost of cultivation (cost C₂) for small size group of farmers was estimated 55592 Rs. /ha.

Keywords

Cumin, Cost of Cultivation Per Hectare, Cost of Production Per Quintal, Gross Return, Net Return.

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Yash J. Padhiyar ¹, R. R. Patel ², R. M. Patel ¹

Affiliations
1 College of Agri Business Management, S.D. Agriculture University, Sardarkrushinagar, Dantiwada (Gujarat), IN
2 S.D.A.U., Jagudan (Gujarat), IN

Abstract

Electronic commerce (e-commerce) or business is more than just another mode to sustain or boost existing business practices. Rather, electronic commerce is a paradigm shift. It is a disruptive innovation that is drastically altering the traditional approach of performing business. The e-commerce market is thriving and poised for robust growth in Asia, focusing in Indian context than it is showing marvelous business growth for the developing nation. The country has enjoyed exceptional augmentation of almost 50 per cent in the past five years. Although the trend of e-commerce has been making rounds in India for 15 years, the appropriate ecosystem has now started to fall in place. The extensive increase in the number of internet users, growing acceptability of online payments, the proliferation of internet-enabled gadgets and also favourable demographics are the key factors driving the growth story of e-commerce for the developing nation. The number of users making online transactions has been on a rapid growth trajectory and it is expected to grow from 11 million in 2011 to 38 million by the end of 2015. Venture capitalists (VC) and private equity players have demonstrated their confidence in the escalation of e-commerce in the India. This is sufficiently validated by the noteworthy increase in the total investments (US$305 million in 2011 against US$55 million in 2010). The present study has been undertaken to describe the present status and facilitators of e-commerce in India, analyze the present trends of e-commerce in India and examine the barriers of e-commerce in Indian context.

Keywords

E-Commerce, E-Business, E-Tailing, Value Proposition.

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R. R. Patel ¹, P. K. Patel ², R. M. Patel ³, K. J. Patel ⁴

Affiliations
1 IFS, on Farm Research (S.D.A.U.), Adiya, Patan (Gujarat), IN
2 All India Co-Ordinated Research Project on Integrated Farming Systems (S.D.A.U.), S.K. Nagar (Gujarat), IN
3 Department of Agricultural Economics, College of A.B.M., (S.D.A.U.), S.K. Nagar (Gujarat), IN
4 Dry Farming Research Station (S.D.A.U.), Radhanpur (Gujarat), IN

Abstract

An attempt was made to study the major constraints of farmers of sabarkantha district. Out of 13 block one high productive and one low productive block were selected purposively. Three villages from each block were selected randomly making the sample size of 321. The constraints were worked out by using Garrett’s Ranking Technique. The major constraints faced by the farmers were lack of technical advice/know-how, non-availability of farm credit, lack of improved variety suitable to region, lack of irrigation water, high cost of inputs, inadequate/irregular supply of electricity, scarcity of farm labour, social factors (adopting piggery/poultry), and problems of pigs. The major constraints faced by the farmers in the studied area of the district were ranked using Garrett’s ranking technique and found that problem of pigs and bluebull (Nilgay) ranked 1^st, High cost of input (seed/fertilizer/pesticides. etc) ranked 2^nd, Lack of technical advice/know-how ranked 3^rd.

Keywords

Farmers, Garrett’s Ranking Technique.

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